Genomic Characterisation of a Highly Divergent Siadenovirus (Psittacine Siadenovirus F) from the Critically Endangered Orange-Bellied Parrot (Neophema chrysogaster)

Genomic Characterisation of a Highly Divergent Siadenovirus (Psittacine Siadenovirus F) from the Critically Endangered Orange-Bellied Parrot (Neophema chrysogaster)

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Siadenoviruses have been detected in wild and captive birds earthbath facial wipes worldwide.Only nine siadenoviruses have been fully sequenced; however, partial sequences for 30 others, many of these from wild Australian birds, are also described.Some siadenoviruses, e.g.

, the turkey siadenovirus A, can cause disease; however, most cause subclinical infections.An example of a siadenovirus causing predominately subclinical infections is psittacine siadenovirus 2, proposed name psittacine siadenovirus F (PsSiAdV-F), which is enzootic in the captive breeding population of the critically endangered orange-bellied parrot (OBP, Neophema chrysogaster).Here, we have fully characterised PsSiAdV-F from an OBP.The PsSiAdV-F genome is 25,392 bp in length and contained 25 putative genes.

The genome architecture of PsSiAdV-F exhibited characteristics similar to members within the genus Siadenovirus; however, the novel PsSiAdV-F genome was highly divergent, showing highest and lowest sequence similarity to skua siadenovirus A (57.1%) and psittacine siadenovirus D (31.1%), respectively.Subsequent phylogenetic analyses of the novel PsSiAdV-F genome positioned the virus into a phylogenetically distinct sub-clade with all other siadenoviruses and did not show any click here obvious close evolutionary relationship.

Importantly, the resulted tress continually demonstrated that novel PsSiAdV-F evolved prior to all known members except the frog siadenovirus A in the evolution and possibly the ancestor of the avian siadenoviruses.To date, PsSiAdV-F has not been detected in wild parrots, so further studies screening PsSiAdV-F in wild Australian parrots and generating whole genome sequences of siadenoviruses of Australian native passerine species is recommended to fill the siadenovirus evolutionary gaps.